INSTITULIZATION AND TRANSFORMATION POLITECONOMIC DOGMA IN THE USSR (1950S-MID 1970S): FROM THE HISTORY OF SCIENTIFIC THOUGHT

Abstract

The article examines the transformation of political economic dogmas, the evolution of Soviet political economy and the institutionalization of Soviet economic and mathematical research. Historical analysis of the transformation of political economic ideas was carried out on the basis of institutional theory. The main political economic dogmas were generalized and systematized - norms on the construction of socialism, on commodity production of a special kind, on the limited operation of the law of value under socialism, on planning as an objective law of socialism, on economic-mathematical methods as an anti-Marxist direction, on the need to «uproot petty-bourgeois theories» and confront Western science. New institutional ideas about the stages and content of the transition to a market economy are also analyzed. The role of economists in the institutionalization of the «theory of economic mechanism» and the institutional role of V.S. Nemchinov, Kantorovich, Novozhilov in the development of economic and mathematical calculations. The acute theoretical struggle within Soviet political economy is shown. The mechanism of party and state pressure on the staff of the Central Economics and Mathematics Institute is revealed. The contradictions and difficulties in the development of the first government programs for the transition to a planned market economy are explored.