Abstract
In-situ resource utilization on the Moon and/or Mars is a cutting-edge hotspot for exploring outer space. Lunar/Martian regolith is an in-situ natural resource for construction habitats and objects on the Lunar or Martian surface. Various manufacturing technologies have been designed for exploration of and settlement in space and other planets. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the most recent studies on several additive manufacturing (AM) technologies that can be applied to the Moon/Mars, including updated research on the environmental effects of the AM fabrication process such as temperature, gravity, and the vacuum atmosphere and the introduction of in-situ materials utilization focusing on characteristics, beneficiation, and treatment of Lunar/Martian soils. In addition, this study presents several possible designs and construction strategies of habitats under the extreme environment of Moon and Mars, including the arrangement strategies of multifunctional base clusters and the AM technologies of multi-layer defense bases. As a necessary unmanned construction process prior to human settlement on the Moon/Mars, AM technologies open up new opportunities for fabrication of intricate three-dimensional (3D) objects on Moon/Mars and are becoming a major driving force for utilizing in-situ resources in outer space.
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