Insights into Crystal Facets of Perovskite SrSnO3 as High-Performance Photocatalysts toward Environmental Remediation.

Abstract

To gain in-depth insights into the relevant exposed crystal planes for the photocatalytic performance of perovskite-structured oxides, SrSnO3 nanocrystals with different microstructures were synthesized and their photocatalytic activity for the degradation of simulated dye was investigated. The as-obtained orthorhombic SrSnO3 nanorods with exposed {001} crystal planes showed higher photocatalytic activity for decomposing methylene blue than that of SrSnO3 nanoribbons with exposed {111} crystal planes. The surface atomic configurations revealed that the quantity of SnO2 overlayer on the {001} crystal facets is slightly greater than that on {111} crystal planes, which results in exposed {001} crystal facets of the SrSnO3 nanorods that can exhibit better activity in the photocatalytic process, due to fewer lattice defects, which act as traps for photogenerated charge carriers to decrease the recombination of photoexcited electrons and holes. This originated from narrowing of the crystal face distance and slight variation of the unit cell parameters; the crystallographic axis became shorter and the value of lattice strain became smaller. As a result, SrSnO3 nanocrystals exhibited different surface behavior under post-treatment conditions and exhibited variation in the photocatalytic properties. The findings reported herein highlight the importance of probing the properties of surface facets in the evaluation of the photocatalytic performance of ternary metal oxides.