Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have the capacity for self-renewal and multilineage differentiation potential, and are considered a promising cell population for cell-based therapy and tissue regeneration. MSCs are isolated from various organs including dental pulp, which originates from cranial neural crest-derived ectomesenchyme. Recently, dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) and stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHEDs) have been isolated from dental pulp tissue of adult permanent teeth and deciduous teeth, respectively. Because of their MSC-like characteristics such as high growth capacity, multipotency, expression of MSC-related markers, and immunomodulatory effects, they are suggested to be an important cell source for tissue regeneration. Here, we review the features of these cells, their potential to regenerate damaged tissues, and the recently acquired understanding of their potential for clinical application in regenerative medicine.
Highlights
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been reported to be isolated from various somatic tissues such as bone marrow [1], adipose tissue stromal vascular fraction [2], umbilical cord [3], and placenta [4].They are noteworthy for their robust self-renewal capacity and multilineage differentiation potential including osteogenic, adipogenic, chondrogenic, myogenic, neurogenic, and tenogenic [5,6,7,8]
Numerous studies have revealed the availability of stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHEDs) for dentin/pulp regeneration as we described above, further clarification of the features of subpopulations of SHEDs is needed to translate them into a clinical setting
As reviewed in this article, dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) and SHEDs show MSC-like phenotypes such as self-renewal capacity, multipotency, MSC-related marker expression, and immunomodulatory effects
Summary
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been reported to be isolated from various somatic tissues such as bone marrow [1], adipose tissue stromal vascular fraction [2], umbilical cord [3], and placenta [4]. DPSCs and SHEDs, or they have attracted attention in terms of their translation cell sources the regeneration reconstruction ofsubstantial various somatic tissues, including those in the into clinical application. Because of their characteristics, are suggested to be promising cranio-maxillofacial region. The aim regenerative of this review was to summarize and compare the features of DPSCs and SHEDs, and for cell-based therapies Their potential to regenerate damaged tissues, as well as future prospects of cell reprogramming.
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