Abstract
The gut microbiota is a complex microbial ecosystem that coexists with the human organism in the intestinal tract. The members of this ecosystem live together in a balance between them and the host, contributing to its healthy state. Stress, aging, and antibiotic therapies are the principal factors affecting the gut microbiota composition, breaking the mutualistic relationship among microbes and resulting in the overgrowth of potential pathogens. This condition, called dysbiosis, has been linked to several chronic pathologies. In this review, we propose the use of the predator Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus as a possible probiotic to prevent or counteract dysbiotic outcomes and look at the findings of previous research.
Highlights
The gut, the largest interface (200 m2 ) between the host and the environment, is devoted to the metabolism of nutrients and water absorption and is colonized by trillions of bacteria, archaea, fungi [1], and viruses [2,3] that coexist in a complex ecosystem called the gut microbiota [4]
At the taxonomic level of species, the gut microbiota composition varies between individuals so much that it is comparable to a fingerprint [11,12]
In addition to the Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus, many of the multidrug-resistant infections are caused by pan-resistant Gram-negative bacterial strains, which are currently considered untreatable with conventional antibiotics
Summary
The gut, the largest interface (200 m2 ) between the host and the environment, is devoted to the metabolism of nutrients and water absorption and is colonized by trillions of bacteria, archaea, fungi [1], and viruses [2,3] that coexist in a complex ecosystem called the gut microbiota [4] This microbial community equips the host with a pool of bacterial genomes, called the microbiome, with a coding capacity 150-fold higher than that of the human genome, providing functional features that humans have not evolved with [5]. The composition of the gut microbiota should ideally remain stable throughout adult life It is continuously influenced by many external factors, such as stress [15], aging [16], lifestyle and diet [17], use of antibiotics [18], and health status [19]. Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus with the purpose of presenting the current knowledge about its potential clinical use as a probiotic or therapeutic agent to control bacterial populations within the gut
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