Abstract
Materials and methods Between 2008 and 2011, insecticide susceptibility tests were carried out in 39 localities out of which 12 were repeatedly visited from 2 to 4 years. Tests were conducted using WHO test kits and procedures [1] on nonblood fed, 48-72 hours old female An. arabiensis which were reared from field collected larvae and pupae. The insecticides were discriminating doses of DDT, malathion, fenitrothion, primiphos-methyl, propoxur, bendiocarb, deltamethrin and lambdacyhalothrin. Controls were exposed to insecticide free oil impregnated papers. The WHO recommendations were applied to classify the population as susceptible, acquiring possible resistance and resistance [1]. The presence and frequency of the target site insensitive resistance mechanisms, kdr (L1014F mutation) and ace-1 (G119S mutation) were investigated from vector populations of nine localities following the procedures described in [2,3].
Highlights
In Ethiopia, indoor residual spraying (IRS) and insecticide-treated bed nets form the main malaria vector control
Tests were conducted using WHO test kits and procedures [1] on nonblood fed, 48-72 hours old female An. arabiensis which were reared from field collected larvae and pupae
Of 229 An. arabiensis, more than 95% were found to carry the kdr gene while 47 tested specimens were without the ace-1 allele mutation
Summary
In Ethiopia, indoor residual spraying (IRS) and insecticide-treated bed nets form the main malaria vector control. As the two tools rely on synthetic insecticides, it was found necessary to document the up-to-date distribution and levels of insecticide susceptibility of Anopheles arabiensis
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