Inorganic/organic hybrid interfacial internal electric field modulated charge separation of resorcinol-formaldehyde resin for boosting photocatalytic H2O2 production

Abstract

The strategy of inorganic/organic semiconductor material hybridization is of great significance for the development of highly active photocatalysts. Resorcinol-formaldehyde (RF) resin with a special donor-acceptor (D-A) structure shows excellent performance in the photocatalytic production of H2O2. However, the lack of an internal driving force for the separation and transfer of photogenerated electrons and holes in RF resin greatly limits the performance of H2O2 production. Herein, an inorganic/organic hybrid core-shell structure ZnS@RF photocatalyst was prepared by directionally induced coating of RF resin shells of different thicknesses on the surface of monodisperse ZnS nanospheres. Consequently, the photocatalytic H2O2 performance of ZnS@RF with the optimal RF resin shell thickness reaches 367.9 μmol L−1, which is 69 and 2 times that of ZnS and HRF, respectively. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations and related characterization results collectively demonstrate that the excellent photocatalytic H2O2 production performance of ZnS@RF photocatalyst is mainly attributed to the internal electric field (IEF) formed at the hybrid interface of ZnS and RF heterojunction and the optimization of RF shell thickness, which significantly enhances the separation and transfer of photogenerated carriers and modulates the interfacial catalytic reaction kinetics. This work opens up an avenue for designing inorganic/organic hybrid heterojunction photocatalyst materials with excellent photocatalytic activity.