Innovative Technologies for Protective Structures Upon Creating Environmentally Safe Urban Systems

Abstract

The article deals with the issues of sustainable development, which should meet the needs of the present and future generation – the environmental safety of urban systems including socio-economic and intellectual impact on human processes occurring in the environment, preservation and improvement of the quality of life. Rational use of natural resources is the main task of the modern social state. Ideal zoning of territories in and around the city should primarily be carried out in such a way that gradually, as the distance from the city increases, so the environment becomes cleaner and gradually nature would become absolutely virgin. For this purpose the spatial structure of ecological skeleton of settlement is offered. One of the directions of ensuring ecological safety of construction and municipal economy is ecorestoration of landscapes, which includes restoration of properties: of soil, water, atmosphere, relief and lithosphere; flora and fauna. It may encompass returning the contaminated landscape or its separate components to a state close to the natural one. The main problems of ecology of urban systems are revealed. The generalizing coefficient of influence of city (technical) systems on environment is offered including an assessment of morphological, technical, hydrotechnical, hydrobiological and biological changes of flora and fauna, water quality in adjacent water objects (water intakes); ecotoxicological and social changes; sanitary and hygienic diseases; effects of space-related changes and emergencies.