Abstract

Innovations in Pain Management: Morphine Combined with Omega-3 Fatty Acids

Highlights

  • Pharmaceutical innovation is gradual and can develop in different ways, including through a new drug, a new indication for an existing drug, or a new pharmaceutical formulation to improve the pharmacological profile [1]

  • Strategies utilized to manage these side effects are considered, and we summarize results using omega-3 fatty acids as a monotherapy or as an adjunct to morphine in the treatment of pain

  • Drug combinations in pain management have been developed for different therapeutic purposes, which can be classified into six categories [3]: 1) to prolong analgesic duration; 2) to enhance or optimize analgesic efficacy; 3) to prevent or reduce adverse effects; 4) to alleviate opioid effects which are not beneficial

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Summary

INTRODUCTION

Pharmaceutical innovation is gradual and can develop in different ways, including through a new drug, a new indication for an existing drug, or a new pharmaceutical formulation to improve the pharmacological profile [1]. Researchers have been developing new pharmaceutical strategies to help improve the effectiveness of analgesics and prevent or decrease adverse effects by combining these analgesics with a second agent, which may or may not be another analgesic [3] This “second non-opioid agent” may be referred to as a “co-analgesic” or “adjuvant analgesic”. Studies have revealed that there is a great inter-individual variability in the response to adjuvant analgesics, and that for most patients the likelihood of obtaining benefits is limited. Many of these adjuvant analgesics have the potential to cause further side effects in addition to the opioid adverse effects, thereby further complicating treatment [4]

MORPHINE THERAPY IN CANCER PAIN
MORPHINE THERAPY IN NON-CANCER PAIN
MORPHINE COMPLICATIONS AND ADVERSE EFFECTS
STRATEGIES TO MANAGE THE ADVERSE EFFECTS OF MORPHINE
Findings
CONCLUSION
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