Abstract
Immune cells are present within the central nervous system and play important roles in neurological inflammation and disease. As relatively new described immune cell population, Innate Lymphoid Cells are now increasingly recognized within the central nervous system and associated diseases. Innate Lymphoid Cells are generally regarded as tissue resident and early responders, while conversely within the central nervous system at steady-state their presence is limited. This review describes the current understandings on Innate Lymphoid Cells in the central nervous system at steady-state and its borders plus their involvement in major neurological diseases like ischemic stroke, Alzheimer’s disease and Multiple Sclerosis.
Highlights
The central nervous system (CNS) is a highly sensitive organ and requires protection
Activation of the death receptor on T-cells limits their numbers and inhibits neuroinflammation [42] (Figure 1). These findings suggest that regulating the plasticity of NK cells (NKs) in the meninges might be a potential therapy against neurological diseases
Type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) do protect against helminth parasites that infect CNS and lead to aggressive neurological diseases [47], but can promote tissue repair [48]. Neurotransmitter receptors such as neuromedin U receptor (NMUR1) and vasoactive intestinal peptide receptor 2 (VIPR2) expressed by ILC2s mediate the crosstalk between the peripheral nervous system (PNS) and ILC2s [49]
Summary
Aix-Marseille Universite , Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santeet de la Recherche Medicale (INSERM), Centre d’Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy (CIML), Marseille, France. Edited by: Carmelo Luci, Institut National de la Santeet de la Recherche Medicale (INSERM), France. Innate Lymphoid Cells in the Central Nervous System. As relatively new described immune cell population, Innate Lymphoid Cells are increasingly recognized within the central nervous system and associated diseases. Innate Lymphoid Cells are generally regarded as tissue resident and early responders, while within the central nervous system at steady-state their presence is limited. This review describes the current understandings on Innate Lymphoid Cells in the central nervous system at steady-state and its borders plus their involvement in major neurological diseases like ischemic stroke, Alzheimer’s disease and Multiple Sclerosis
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