Injuries in sports

Abstract

This article discusses the issues of injuries of any complexity or effects on the athlete's sports activities throughout his career. Injury is a continuous action on the human body of environmental factors (mechanical, physical, chemical, etc.), which lead to a violation of the anatomical integrity of tissues and functional disorders in them. There are the following types of injuries: industrial, domestic, street, transport, sports and military. Acute injuries that occur after strong simultaneous exposure. Chronic - occur after repeated exposure to a harmful factor of low power on a particular part of the body. Injuries may be accompanied by damage to the skin or mucous membranes - these are open injuries (wounds, fractures); can be without damage to the integuments - these are closed injuries (blows, sprains, tears, dislocations, bone fractures), etc. The article provides statistics on injuries in any sports specialization. In order to successfully implement measures to prevent injuries, it is necessary to know the causes and factors that cause them, as well as to provide timely medical care. The author's team conducted an analysis of literary sources. As a result, a questionnaire was formed to find out the circumstances of sports injuries of athletes in any sport. The questionnaire includes 21 questions, which are divided into four subgroups, namely: the concept of injuries and their causes; medicinal components (doctor's intervention or medicines); doping, change of time or climate zones and skin diseases; possible injuries that haunted athletes. The respondents were interviewed in December 2021. The survey involved applicants for higher education in the 2nd year (n = 10 people), 4th year (n = 15 people) of the first bachelor's level, and first-year masters (n = 17 people) in the specialization "Physical Culture and Sports" and representatives of the sports club "Fighting Frog" (n = 19 people). A total of 61 respondents took part in the survey. Also in this group of respondents were representatives of various sports (martial arts, power sports, playing sports, athletics, fitness, dance, etc.), athletes of different qualifications, ages and genders.