Abstract
Taconis oscillations represent spontaneous, usually unwanted excitations of acoustic modes in narrow pipes going from warm ambient environment into cold cryogenic space. These oscillations can drastically magnify heat leak and create vibrations undesirable for measurement instruments. In this study, modifications of a classical constant-diameter-tube Taconis setup are investigated. Specifically, variable-diameter tubes were found to strongly affect excitation, with wider tube segments in the warm environment encouraging oscillations, while additions of properly chosen pipe network configurations can supress the oscillations. The low-amplitude thermoacoustic theory, previously developed for thermoacoustic engines and refrigerators, was adapted for modelling Taconis phenomena, accounting for finite-length segments with temperature evolution where thermal-to-acoustic energy conversion takes place. Experiments were conducted using primarily hydrogen as a working fluid to validate theoretical predictions. With the rapid development of various hydrogen storage and transfer systems, it is expected that Taconis oscillations may become an issue, and this study provides an initial modelling framework to assess this phenomenon in hydrogen systems.
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