Abstract
Borneo is the third-largest island in the world, sharing three countries: Indonesia, Malaysia, and Brunei Darussalam. There is rarely research conducted for cross-border tourism (CBT) in Borneo. The study examines tourism development in Borneo then assesses potentials and challenges associated with Brunei-CBT as gateway to tourism in Borneo. A qualitative approach has been deployed focusing on advantages and challenges associated with Brunei as gateway for CBT in the Borneo Island. The analysis has shown that there is great potential in CBT for mobility and connectivity of people, goods, and services in Brunei-CBT's initiative. Brunei-CBT (BCBT) will trigger Brunei's economic shifting from an oil-based country to a service-based economy. Identified challenges mainly concern political support and willingness among participating countries, which may lead to barriers for connecting Borneo through CBT development.
Highlights
Borneo island is located at southeast of the Malay Peninsula and southwest of the Philippines
The analysis has shown that there is great potential in cross-border tourism (CBT) for mobility and connectivity of people, goods, and services in Brunei-CBT’s initiative
It is divided into four political regions; Kalimantan belongs to Indonesia, Sabah and Sarawak are part of Malaysia, and a remaining region comprises Brunei Darussalam (PBS, 1998)
Summary
Borneo island is located at southeast of the Malay Peninsula and southwest of the Philippines. It is divided into four political regions; Kalimantan belongs to Indonesia, Sabah and Sarawak are part of Malaysia, and a remaining region comprises Brunei Darussalam (PBS, 1998). Cross border areas between three countries can contribute to economic development especially tourism industries across the borders. Borneo Island is niche area with enormous potential ranging from high-level interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary research to multi diversities of eco-tourism attractiveness. The tourism industry has experienced a steady growth over the decades and become one of the fastest growing economic sectors in the world (UNWTO, 2015). 2017 was another record year for the travel industry with international tourist numbers increasing by 6.8 per cent globally, the highest rate since the 2009 global economic crisis and well above UNWTO’s long-term forecast of 3.8 percent per year in 2010-2020
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