Abstract
It has been found that inorganic phosphate (P) at concentrations as low as 10 μM markedly inhibits in vitro development of early rat embryos at the 1-cell or 2-cell stage to the blastocyst stage, although P is present at concentrations of 0.37–1.19 mM in oviductal fluid, in which the development of early embryos occurs. We show here that fractions (PTF, 50–250 μg/ml) of rat oviductal extracts (OVEs) passed through a Blue CL6B affinity column have the ability to overcome the inhibitory effects of P on the development of 2-cell rat embryos in a dose-dependent manner, whereas 250 μg/ml OVE or 250 μg/ml of the bound fractions (BF) induced degenerative changes in the embryos at the 2-cell stage. Moreover, PTF at concentrations of ≥100 μg/ml stimulated the hatching of blastocysts both in medium with and without P, although none of the blastocysts in medium without PTF hatched from their zona pellucida.
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