Abstract
There are many major causes of cancer death, including metastasis of cancer. Dihydroaustrasulfone alcohol, which is isolated from marine coral, has shown antioxidant activity, but has not been reported to have an anti-cancer effect. We first discovered that dihydroaustrasulfone alcohol provided a concentration-dependent inhibitory effect on the migration and motility of human non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) A549 cells by trans-well and wound healing assays. The results of a zymography assay and Western blot showed that dihydroaustrasulfone alcohol suppressed the activities and protein expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9. Further investigation revealed that dihydroaustrasulfone alcohol suppressed the phosphorylation of ERK1/2, p38, and JNK1/2. Dihydroaustrasulfone alcohol also suppressed the expression of PI3K and the phosphorylation of Akt. Furthermore, dihydroaustrasulfone alcohol markedly inhibited tumor growth in Lewis lung cancer (LLC)-bearing mice. We concluded that dihydroaustrasulfone alcohol is a new pure compound with anti-migration and anti-tumor growth activity in lung cancer and might be applied to clinical treatment in the future.
Highlights
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is one of the main causes of cancer death, and its incidence is increasing
To determine whether dihydroaustrasulfone alcohol decreases cancer cell viability, A549 cells were screened using the MTT assay for cell cytotoxicity in the presence of different concentrations of dihydroaustrasulfone alcohol for 24 h
We found that dihydroaustrasulfone alcohol added at 30 and 40 μg/mL significantly decreased the migration of A549 cells (Figure 3)
Summary
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is one of the main causes of cancer death, and its incidence is increasing. MMP-9 is expressed in large quantities in the human lung cancer cell line A549 and might play an important role in tumor invasion [4]. The investigation of bioactive marine natural products has led to the isolation of compounds with neuroprotective [12] and anti-inflammatory [13] activities from soft corals. Gallet et al [14] indicated that cancer medication and radiotherapy can trigger an inflammatory response This inflammation is characterized by an increase of cytokines, angiogenic factors, adhesion molecules, and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) [15,16]. We investigated the anti-metastatic effects and underlying mechanisms of dihydroaustrasulfone alcohol in the A549 cell line
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