Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate antifungal activity and resistance inducing potential of crude extracts derived from neem (Azadirachta indica) and ginger (Zingiber officinale) against three isolates of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, the causal agent of mustard white mold under in vitro and in vivo conditions. In addition, enzymatic tests were carried out to assess the effect of crude extracts on activities of resistance-inducing enzymes in mustard leaves. The results showed that ethanol extracts of neem and ginger at concentration 2 g/l were able to reduce mycelial growth of the pathogen (isolate 3) by 61.5 and 44.3%, respectively. The ethanol extracts of neem and ginger at concentration 2 g/l reduced infection radius on plant leaves from 9.7 in control to 3.1 and 3.4, respectively, due to antifungal efficacy. In addition, ethanol extracts of neem and ginger at concentration 2 g/l decreased infection radius (isolate 1) on plant leaves from 9.5 in control to 2.1 and 2.3, respectively, seven days after application. Enzymatic analyses showed significant increase in level of chitinases, β-1,3-glucanase, Phenylalanine ammonia lyase and Peroxidase due to application of ethanol extracts of neem and ginger.
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