Abstract
Antimutagenic and anticarcinogenic activity of chlorophyllin, which is a water-soluble form of chlorophyll, has been reported by many investigators. Chlorophylls, in contrast, have been little studied for this potency. As epidemiological studies suggest that yellow-green vegetables may decrease the risk of human cancers, it is important to explore the antigenotoxic properties of natural chlorophylls. We report here that chlrophylls from spinach and Chlorella can inhibit the mutagenicity of 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide and 3-amino-1-methyl-5H-pyrido[4,3-b] indole (Trp-P-2) in Drosophila. The chlorophylls also inhibited mutagenesis in Salmonella typhimurium TA98 inducible by Trp-P-2 (NHOH), a direct-acting mutagen. The mechanisms of these inhibitions are discussed.
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