Abstract
The ethyl acetate extract of Eclipta prostrata. L. (Asteraceae) was evaluated for its antivenom potential against Calloselasma rhodostoma. Kuhl (Viperidae) (Malayan pit viper; MPV) venom. The partially purified ethyl acetate extract (PEE) was found to contain 47% wedelolactone as its major constituent. PEE and wedelolactone demonstrated strong antiproteolytic and antihemorrhagic activities against MPV venom in a dose-dependent manner. The extract, at 5 mg/mL, could inhibit proteolytic activity of 100 µg of the venom and hemorrhagic activity of 3 minimum hemorrhagic doses (MHD) to 95% and 68%, respectively. At the same concentration, wedelolactone could neutralize the proteolytic activity at around 76% and, at doses of 0.25–1 mg/mL, offered protection against hemorrhagic activity of the venom in the range 3–35%. Both PEE and wedelolactone displayed partial anti–phospholipase A2 activity (21% for PEE and 7% for wedelolactone) and could not neutralize the lethal effect of either 2LD50 or 4LD50 of MPV venom.
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