Abstract
Probiotics have beneficial effects on management of type 2 diabetes (T2D). The major hallmarks of T2D are insulin deficiency and insulin resistance which emphasize insulin therapy in onset of disease. Lactobacilli such as Lactobacillus acidophilus (L. acidophilus) have well known properties on prevention of T2D and insulin resistance but not on insulin degradation. Insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE) degrades insulin in the human body. We studied the effects of cell-free supernatant (CFS) and ultraviolet (UV)-killed L. acidophilus (ATCC 314) on IDE activity and insulin degradation in vitro. Cell growth inhibition by CFS and UV-killed L. acidophilus (ATCC 314) was studied and Western blotting and a fluoregenic assay was performed to determine IDE expression and its activity, respectively. Insulin degradation was evaluated by sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). IDE expression and activity was reduced by CFS and UV-killed L. acidophilus (ATCC 314). Although, decreased enzyme expression and activity was not significant for CFS in contrast to MRL (MRS with same pH as CFS). Also, reduction in IDE activity was not statistically considerable when compared to IDE expression. Insulin degradation was increased by CFS but decreased by UV-killed L. acidophilus (ATCC 314).
Highlights
Probiotics are microbial functional foods which exert their beneficial effects on a host by balancing intestinal microbial properties [1], and influence the prevention and management of a number of clinical conditions including type 2 diabetes (T2D) [2]
It was understood that there are some components in cell-free supernatant (CFS) secreted by bacteria which may lead to this outcome and acidity is not the main reason
We evaluated the effects of CFS and UV-killed L. acidophilus (ATCC 314) on Insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE)
Summary
Probiotics are microbial functional foods which exert their beneficial effects on a host by balancing intestinal microbial properties [1], and influence the prevention and management of a number of clinical conditions including type 2 diabetes (T2D) [2]. Lactobacilli are a group of Gram-positive, non-spore-forming and non-flagellated rod bacteria which are highly fermentative [10] Their roles in lowering blood glucose levels as a consequence of insulin secretion by autonomic neurotransmission modification are well understood [11]. They improve insulin resistance and insulin signaling pathways in the liver and maintain insulin level in plasma [12,13]. In addition to these properties, massive production, ease of administration and natural and inexpensive features have led us to consider them as appropriated alternative for insulin therapy in future [11,14]. Lactobacillus strains vary in their probiotic properties and potentials and Lactobacillus acidophilus (L. acidophilus) is well studied strain with well-known efficiency in this regard [1]
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