Abstract
The effects of the positional isomers of cis-18 : 1 acids on the desaturation of 18 : 2 ω6 → 18 : 3 ω6 ( Δ 6 desaturase), 20 : 3 ω6 → 20 : 4 ω6 ( Δ 5 desaturase) and 16 : 0 → 16 : 1 ( Δ 9 desaturase) were investigated using essential fatty acid deficient rat liver microsomes. The isomeric cis-18 : 1 acids were found to be inhibitory for the Δ 6, Δ 5 and Δ 9 desaturases, and the position of the double bond is important in determining the degree of inhibition. The effects of the several cis-18 : 1 isomers on Δ 6 and Δ 5 desaturases were parallel in magnitude exept for the cis- Δ 6 isomer which gave 17.5% inhibition for Δ 6 desaturase and no inhibition for Δ 5 desaturase. The strongest inhibitor for Δ 5 desaturase ( cis- Δ 8 18 : 1) was also the most potent inhibitor for Δ 5 desaturase, and the weakest inhibitor for Δ 6 desaturase ( cis- Δ 3 18 : 1) was the least effective inhibitor on Δ 5 desaturase. The Δ 9 desaturase was maximally inhibited by cis- Δ 10 and Δ 11 18 : 1 isomers. The cis-18 : 1 acid isomers in partially hydrogenated edible fats may have effects on the lipid metabolism through their inhibitory effects on the desaturases.
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