Abstract
Generally the community describes the “cultural heritage” such as historic, artistic, scientific and traditional. These definitions often coincide with the attribution of “value” and “identity”. Many answers about what could “cultural heritage” be are explained as a set together with their specific value, such as landscape and architecture of high artistic value and historic materials of scientific value. In contrast it is not possible to rely on this generality of definitions. The reality shows that the definition of value of “cultural heritage” changes in relation to the person, culture, geography, social and economic conditions. In other words, in relation to the person, the standpoint of value of “cultural heritage” is different according to each category, such as ruins, works of art, historic cities and gardens, and it is rare that one category simultaneously holds many of such values. It is believed that there are no words or phrases that comprehensively explain the various values that prescribe “cultural heritage”. Therefore in defining “cultural heritage” its values not must be specifically expressed as historic, artistic, scientific and others, but should be left in a way that can correspond also to the concept of a “cultural heritage” the significance of identity and of inheritance. Define the value of cultural heritage means to analyze the identity of the site and its contents of inheritance. The concepts of value and inheritance analyzed here are not related to economic considerations. Differently these concepts are analyzed with reference to scientific theories of A. K. Sen, M. W. Feldman and L. Cavalli-Sforza. In fact this paper proposes a reflection on these concepts with the support of interdisciplinary studies.
Highlights
The timeline of history is traced by the heritage each generation receives, as a gift handed down via a transaction based not on market economy principles but on a concept that intimately links to matters of inheritance and identity
Since cultural assets, considered as gifts handed down, possess a value that links to the memory and identity of the territory to which they belong, it is usually impossible to make generalisations about them since the heritage to which they refer will consist of experiences and decisions that developed in a particular socio-cultural and economic setting, and will always be different in different places
Our tools for transmission operated in one direction “from the one to the many”, for example in the case of an author who transmitted information to potential readers in the form of a book; but in the digital era it has become possible to disseminate cultural information “from the many to the many”. If we analyse this new reality in terms of its ability to intercept the values of cultural heritage passed down from earlier generations, it is not difficult to understand the concern that a process of worldwide communication, incorrectly managed, might lead to a degradation of specific local identities, and spark off a process of globalisation that might even put an end to all forms of cultural evolution and transmission
Summary
Received November 2nd, 2013; revised December 5th, 2013; accepted December 27th, 2013. The community describes the “cultural heritage” such as historic, artistic, scientific and traditional. These definitions often coincide with the attribution of “value” and “identity”. The reality shows that the definition of value of “cultural heritage” changes in relation to the person, culture, geography, social and economic conditions. In defining “cultural heritage” its values not must be expressed as historic, artistic, scientific and others, but should be left in a way that can correspond to the concept of a “cultural heritage” the significance of identity and of inheritance. The concepts of value and inheritance analyzed here are not related to economic considerations.
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