Abstract
Transforming a traditional industry by adopting autonomous solutions is complex, generating paradoxical tensions on multiple aggregate levels. We undertake an in-depth case study of a leading maritime autonomous solutions provider and its ecosystem partners. We apply the paradox lens using thematic analysis. Our research contributes to the digital servitization literature by identifying six paradoxes inherent in the shift to autonomous solutions, nested in the micro, meso, and macro levels. We develop a multilevel framework of organizational paradoxes, delineating cascading effects of paradoxes across levels. We offer valuable insights for providers to integrate multilevel perspectives into the shift to autonomous solutions.
Highlights
Digitalization has begun the process of transforming many traditional industries
We developed the following research questions to address these research gaps: how do paradoxes emerge in the industrial shift to autonomous solutions, and how do they manifest themselves on the micro, meso, and macro levels? this study seeks to identify and describe paradoxes technology providers encounter in their digital servitization process toward autonomous solutions
We start by explaining the micro-level paradoxes, we investigate the paradoxes at the meso level, and, lastly, we describe the macrolevel paradoxes
Summary
Digitalization has begun the process of transforming many traditional industries. The economic landscape is being changed worldwide through the leveraging of tremendous efficiency improvements derived from digital technologies such as AI, automation, and analytics (Tronvoll et al 2020; Gaiardelli et al 2021; Sjödin et al 2021). According to an 2018 IDC report, 38% of traditional businesses had already. Adopted a digital strategy, and the IMF estimates that 65% of the world’s GDP will be digitalized by 2022 (FinancesOnline 2020). These technological shifts have been further accelerated in response to Covid-19 and are expected to have long-term effects as we move to the “ normal” (Rapaccini et al 2020; Zeng et al 2020). Our data—collected between December 2019 and March 2021—suggest that despite certain challenges, this trend has the potential to spill over into the shipping industry as autonomous solutions reduce human contact
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