從歷史探討荷蘭經濟發展與企業經營模式—以ING集團（International Netherlands Group）為例

Abstract

Netherlands from the imperialism time is the marine might country, all has in the imperialism time in Southeast Asia each place suitable colonizes the influence, the Dutch nationality's business dealing also creates immediately abundant and the for a while summit peak time. Bore the brunt in World War II has faced the aggression, and has faced the postwar economical revival question together with then European country, also has experienced the dreary year which the economical depression, the unemployment rate stayed at a high level, now, Netherlands actually is the world seventh big trade country, eighth big exports the country, and the competitive ability continuously five years placed the whole world fifth. Why can Netherlands achieve such international standing by its small country's weak condition, besides the international mutual cooperation, believed its domestic government encourages the policy the direction, all has the certain relations with enterprise group's management pattern, these all will be in the categories which the present paper must discuss. The present paper from the historical background, will discuss the Dutch itself condition and the foreign development pattern, and the affiliation will discuss its successful key aspect by its economical development height data. This Netherlands' economical development history narration will turn over to divide into three big stages, will distinguish in among take the time as the abscissa axis, the coordinate space home and the overseas development related variable, so as to will seek this to study the subject in the history the evolution vein, by will take the analysis the basis. The present paper is discusses the Dutch country by the time to the among them enterprise strategy change, studies the domestic enterprise pattern by the space the evolution and the analysis, and by the Dutch international ring (International Netherlands Group, ING) comes as the discussion example to take this article the elaboration center of gravity. Is discussing the Dutch enterprise the management pattern, by the small country management pattern, the organization internal structure discussion, how the enterprise foreign carries on buys and, as well as national and enterprise's interaction pattern. Any foreign enterprise arrive Netherlands, is for by no means Netherlands’ market, but is for the entire European market. Has the plan enterprise and buys develops the strategy trend which the enterprise develops. Finally by the ING group took the above material analysis the utilization and the research, and the union correlation academic theory, showed the Dutch economy development and the enterprise manage the pattern to adopt what kind of direction to reach the successful principle.