國民政府在中日戰爭期間心理戰略之研究（1937-1945）

Abstract

During the period of 1937 and 1945, the large-scale war occurred in China – Sino-Japanese War. This war is also unprecedented in Chinese Military history - only Nanjing Government mobilized over than 1,400 million people involved in this military actions or related missions. Japan provoked the disputes with Lugou Bridge events (1937/7/7), resulting in this large-scale and unrelenting war. Japan originally expected to end this war in a very short time, but the plan was ruined by Nanjing Government moving the capital from Nanjing to Chongqing after the Battle of Songhu. As for Nanjing government, they prepared the long-term warfare as the highest war-conducting principle, waiting for the variations of international states turning to the Nanjing Government. In addition to that, with extending the war, the consuming resource forced Japan turn to South-East Asian, which made Japan conducted another war against the United States, initiating the Pacific War and enlarged the scale of war. With that, Nanjing Government would not be alone in the war against Japan, but Japan was compelled to disperse its resource to cope with two battlefields of China and Pacific. Last, Japan was defeated, while Nanjing Government was survived from the greatest war. This thesis mainly discusses the psychological strategy of Nanjing Government during the Sino-Japanese war - taking the strategic study approach; doing the analysis of actors, power, environment, and actions as the basis understandings; elaborating from three aspects of thought, plan and action. This thesis consist five chapters plus extra prolegomena and conclusion. The prolegomena before the text includes the motive, goals, approach, limitations and structure of this study. Then, the conclusion provides some discoveries and suggestions about this subject. Regard with the text, the first chapter introduces the theory and structure of the psychological strategy. The second chapter provides the analysis of the strategic environments, which Nanjing government was faced then. In the third chapter, Chiang Kai-shek’s psychological strategy and the strategic plan of Nanjing government are presented here. As for the forth chapter, the strategic actions of Nanjian government were divided into threes aspects of social-culture, militarization, and propaganda to discuss. Last, the fifth chapter is doing the total assessment of the entire thoughts, plan and action through this period of the war.