Infrared thermography comparison of heat generation between simplified and conventional implant site preparation techniques

Abstract

ABSTRACT
 Introduction: The predictability of osseointegration depends on a non-traumatic surgical technique that maintains cell viability. It is known that during the drilling osteotomy for implant placement occurs heat generation, being able to influence osseointegration due to thermal damage. The objective of this research was to evaluate and compare the heat generated by the drills during the preparation of surgical sites for implant placement between two different techniques: simplified (Simplified Drilling, SD) and conventional, in an in vitro model.
 Material and methods: Fifty implant site preparations were performed in segments of bovine ribs, divided into two groups, with the respective drill sequences: control group, conventional preparation, Ø2.0mm spear drill and Ø2.15mm, Ø2.85mm, Ø3.35mm, Ø3.85mm twist drills; SD group, Ø2.15mm and Ø3.85mm twist drills. The measurement of the temperature variation generated by each drill in each group was performed by an infrared thermal camera at three points in the bovine rib segment.
 Results: The temperature variations at one and thirteen millimeters below the drilling site were, respectively, 0.51±0.64°C and 0.46±0.59°C for the control group, and 0.62±0.76°C and 0.5±0.86°C for the SD group. No statistically significant differences were found between the control and SD groups in relation to heat generation in any of the evaluated points; p=0.288 and p=0.584, respectively for analyzes one and thirteen millimeters below the drilling site.
 Discussion: The technique of implant site preparation can be simplified, using only two drills in this modality, without showing significant differences in relation to heat generation when compared to the conventional preparation technique.