Information Propagation and Self-Organized Consensus in the Blogosphere

Abstract

The recent development of the so-called network science reveals the underlying structures of complex networks and thus serves as a catalyst for the rising voice of interdisciplinary studies to tame complexity (Strogatz, 2001; Newman, 2003; Albert and Barabási, 2002; Boccalettia et al., 2006). The small-world network model proposed by Watts and Strogatz (1998) quantitatively depicts that most real networks are small worlds which have high clustering and short average path length. The “six degrees of separation,” uncovered by the social psychologist Milgram (1967), is the most famous manifestation of small-world theory. The real world, however, significantly deviates from the classic Erdös-Rényi model, in the sense that the degree distribution is right-skewed, that is to say, it follows a power law other than the Poisson distribution (Erdős and Rényi, 1959, 1960; Barabási and Albert, 1999). In particular, for most networks, including the World Wide Web (WWW), the Internet, and metabolic networks, the degree distribution has a power-law tail. Such networks are called scale free, and the Barabási-Albert (BA) model provides a possible generating mechanism for such scale-free structures: growth and preferential attachment (Barabási and Albert, 1999). These pioneering discoveries attract growing interest of researchers from different backgrounds. Besides, real networks are hierarchical and have community structures or are composed of the elements — motifs (Newman, 2006; Milo et al., 2002). Surprisingly, it is found that complex networks are self-similar, corresponding to the ubiquitous geometric pattern in snowflakes (Song et al., 2005). Meanwhile, the dynamics taking place on complex networks such as virus spreading, information propagation, synchronization, evolutionary games, and cooperation have been deeply investigated and well understood (Watts, 1999; Huang et al., 2006; Pastor-Satorras and Vespignani, 2001; Acebrón et al., 2005; Barahona and Pecora, 2002; Motter et al., 2005; Zhou and Kurths, 2006; Santos and Pacheco, 2005).