Abstract
Despite the significant role of seasonal influenza vaccination in preventing and minimizing the serious complications of influenza infection in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients, unsatisfactory compliance still exists for vaccination. Study objectives were to explore the vaccination status and determinants in T2DM patients in southwestern Saudi Arabia. A cross-sectional study on a representative sample of T2DM patients in Abha city, southwestern Saudi Arabia, was conducted. Data for sociodemographic characteristics, clinical criteria, vaccination status, vaccination motivators and barriers and seasonal influenza knowledge were collected. Out of 353 T2DM patients included in the study, seasonal influenza vaccination coverage was 61% in year 2017. A significant factors associated with non-vaccination were; poor influenza and its vaccine knowledge (OR = 4.31, 95% CI: 2.73–6.80), illiteracy (OR = 1.93, 95% CI: 1.11–3.37), and more than 10 years disease duration (OR = 2.07, 95% CI: 1.11–3.87). Presence of family history of DM and ischemic heart comorbidity minimized the possibility of non-vaccination (OR = 0.54 and 0.28 respectively). Healthcare givers’ advice was the most reported vaccination motivator (84.7%) while; fear of vaccine side effects was the most stated barrier (73%). In conclusion, influenza vaccination rate among T2DM in the present study is less than the recommended level. Continuous primary health care center-based educational programs should be implemented to aware and encourage influenza vaccination among T2DM patients.
Highlights
Type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a highly significant public health problem because of its health and economic impacts and its raising prevalence [1]
No statistically significant difference was found in vaccination status by gender
The results of the current study provide insight into vaccination status with seasonal influenza vaccine amongT2DM patients for the vaccination season 2017–2018
Summary
Type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a highly significant public health problem because of its health and economic impacts and its raising prevalence [1]. 46% of men and 44% of female in the “above 50 years” age group [2]. T2DM patients are at higher risk by six times to be hospitalized with influenza or pneumonia and three times more likely to die from influenza complications than others in general population [3]. Res. Public Health 2018, 15, 1381; doi:10.3390/ijerph15071381 www.mdpi.com/journal/ijerph
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