Influences of life history and environment on lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) growth and longevity in the Husky Lakes of the Western Canadian Arctic

Abstract

The interaction between an organism and its environment is a major determinant of an individual’s growth rate, longevity, and fitness. Such interactions and resultant variation in growth is particularly prevalent in salmonids where a diversity of life history types and morphotypes can be observed within a single ecosystem. Lake trout, Salvelinus namaycush, are typically considered freshwater residents. However, three life history types within the Husky Lakes estuary and connected lakes, NWT were recently documented, including semi-anadromous, brackish-water resident, and freshwater resident. To understand how use of brackish-water environments influences growth and longevity in lake trout, we assessed otolith increment widths, as a proxy for annual fish growth, and age-at- capture among life history types. Assessment of increments indicated that growth increased in brackish water for semi-anadromous lake trout, and that growth was faster for semi-anadromous and brackish-water residents than for freshwater residents (70 mm larger on average at age 15). In addition, age at capture was significantly older in brackish-water residents (3.8 years older) when compared to the other life histories. Together these results indicate that life in brackish water can have positive effects on growth and longevity for lake trout.