Influences of alcohols, urea and polyethylene glycol on the cloudy formation nature and physico-chemical parameters of the mixture of triton X-100 and ceftriaxone sodium salt

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The phase separation of a nonionic surfactant (SFT), Triton X-100 (TX-100) and ceftriaxone sodium trihydrate (CTS) drug mixture was examined in the appearance of several alcohols (ethanol, 1-propanol, 2-propanol, 2-butanol) and hydrotropes (HDTs) (urea and polyethylene glycol (PEG)). The influences of changing composition and chain length of alcohols on the cloud points of aqueous TX-100 + CTS mixture were also assessed. The detected CP values were found to undergo an upsurge with the increased concentration of alcohols and HDTs. The computed ∆Gc0 values are acquired be positive in nature, demonstrating that the clouding of employed system was non-spontaneous in origin and the positive ∆Gc0 values were reduced with the growth of the contents of alcohols/HDTs. The obtained values of enthalpy (∆Hc0) and entropy (∆Sc0) were positive in magnitudes for most of the employed solvents with a few exceptions. The values of ∆Hc0 and ∆Sc0 were achieved as negative at lower contents of 2-butanol and highest content of urea/PEG. The enthalpy-entropy compensation variables (∆Hc0,*and Tc) associated with the clouding process of TX-100 + CTS mixture in aq. additive solutions were also calculated and interpreted in detailed way.