Abstract
In this study, the evolution of phase and bond characteristics, as well as the consequent effects on the microwave dielectric properties of Li(Zn0.5Ti0.5)xGa5-xO8 ceramics were investigated. XRD and Rietveld refinement patterns revealed that the sample underwent a transformation from a low-symmetry inverse cubic spinel phase, characterized by the P4332 space group, to a high-symmetry cubic spinel phase associated with the Fd-3m space group. All samples displayed compact grain structures in their surface micro-morphologies, and they achieved high relative densities exceeding 97% when sintered at their respective optimal temperatures. With increasing x value, the dielectric constant increases due to the growth in ionicity and αtheo/Vm. Concurrently, the τf value shifts from −69.29 ppm/°C to −48.73 ppm/°C, a trend that aligns with the bond valence changes at the octahedral position as a function of x. In the range of 0 ≤ x ≤ 3, the Q × f value initially increased due to the change in symmetry, growth in lattice energy, and reduction of Ti3+ content. However, it subsequently decreased as a result of further disruption in ordering and diminishing lattice energy. The optimal microwave dielectric properties were obtained for the x = 3 sample (LiZn1.5Ti1.5Ga2O8) sintered at 1220 °C, displaying characteristics of εr = 16.46, Q × f = 79,268 GHz and τf = −53.36 ppm/°C.
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