Influence of winter wheat growing technologies on morphophysiological and agrochemical aspects of harvest formation

Abstract

To create high-yielding sowing of winter wheat,which would effectively use the genetic potentialof varieties and soil-climatic conditions of the Forest-Steppe, it is important to study and establish thebasic patterns of formation of elements of cultureproductivity during the vegetation in connectionwith its provision bymacro- and micronutrients. Theaim of the study was to investigate the influence ofcultivation technologies of different intensity on themorphophysiological features of the formation ofwinter wheat harvest in connection with the supply of macro and micronutrients to plants and theirremoval. To solve this problem, we used field, morphophysiological research, methods of chemical, physicochemical analysis using modern methods of atomic absorption spectrophotometry, flame photometry and spectrometry, mathematical and statistical analysis. A study was conducted on the impact of winter wheat cultivation technologies on the morphophysiological aspects of yield formation and supply of plants with nutrients. The dependence between the supply of the basic nutrition elements of winter wheat and the formation of elements of productivity at different stages of organogenesis was established. Morphophysiological studies have shown that the improvement of plant nutrition conditions with energy-saving, intensive and intensive energy-saturated technologies has increased the number of flowers that havereached the XII stage of organogenesis (grains) inthe ears of both orders. The use of intensive energysaturated technologies has increased the density of productive stems in comparison with control. It was determined that the amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, manganese and iron, which was used to form the main product (grain), varied depending on the norms of fertilizers applied by the respective cultivation technologies and increased with the use of intensive energy-saturated technologies. It was found that takeaway of copper and zinc with a harvest of grain and straw little depended on the technology of cultivation. With applying of high-intensity technologies of winter wheat cultivation, the level of nutrition by macro- and microelements had a positive impact on the density of productive stems, the number of potential flowers in the ears of stems of both orders and, finally, graininess of the ear and did not show a restrictive effect on the formation of productivity elements. Research in this direction needs further continuation and can be used to form a fertilizer system in the development of intensive technologies forgrowing winter wheat