Abstract
Influence of wet chemistry treatment on the mechanical performance of natural fibres The paper presents determination of the effect of various chemical treatment on the strength of 288 tex jute yarn arisen from the plain weave fabric produced by LENTEX, Poland. The yarn was put to alternative treatments in: NaOH and KOH water solutions with various concentration (from 1 to 15%) and treatment duration (from 0.5 to 6 hours), vinyl acetate, methanol and toluene diisocyanate. After the treatment it was put to tensile tests. Yarn diameter and elementary fibre twist angle were also measured using MICRO PROF FRT optical profilographometer. The SEM micro-photographs have also been performed in order to evaluate the structural changes of the yarn after the treatment. Optimal conditions of alcali-treatment are: 5% concentration and 2h duration for NaOH, 3% concentration and 4h duration for KOH. Such treatments give a growth in yarn rupture force up to 10% and they are well applicable in composite materials manufacturing. Also interaction with vinyl acetate and toluene diisocyanate has practically not negative influence on the mechanical performance of the yarn. Two effects were observed which can explain the influence of chemical treatment on mechanical performance of jute yarn: swelling and change in the orientation of elementary fibres.
Highlights
Vegetable natural fibres as a reinforcing material for polymer matrix composites mark origin from renewable source and very low noxiousness for the environment – as a material and as a waste as well[1,2]
The yarn rupture force versus the substance mass concentration and versus the treatment duration diagrams are shown in Fig.[2] and 3
It was found that chemical treatment of jute yarn using: NoOH and KOH solutions not stronger than 5%, methanol, vinyl acetate, toluene diisocyanate do not cause significant changes in yarn mechanical performance
Summary
Vegetable natural fibres as a reinforcing material for polymer matrix composites mark origin from renewable source and very low noxiousness for the environment – as a material and as a waste as well[1,2]. The disadvantage of natural fibres ist the relatively weak mechanical and elastic performance, caused by the strongly stochastic character of their superstructure (yarn) and rather low efficiency in coupling with matrix resins It results in weak mechanical performance of manufactured composites. The range of the study contains the research of the effect of chemical treatment on the rupture force of jute yarn skeins taken from fabrics for composite reinforcements. The applied substances (jute fabric, NaOH and KOH water solutions, methanol, vinyl acetate, toluene diisocyanate) have been taken under consideration within the study, because they are available and relatively cheap. Tensile tests on the yarn skeins, firstly put to treatment in: water solutions of NaOH and KOH, methanol, toluene diisocyanate and vinyl acetate, were made. The microphotographs are introduced in Fig.[5]
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