Influence of the use of enzymes and microelements in the rations of steers of different breeds when fattening on their productivity

Abstract

Basic nutrients in the form in which they are found in feed cannot be absorbed by animals without enzymatic breakdown. Therefore, for more efficient use of nutrients in the body of animals, biological catalysts or enzymes are necessary. In order to maintain normal vital processes of the body, metabolism and increase productivity, minerals are needed. The importance of microelements in the feeding of farm animals has already been proven and accepted, and now no ration can do without their inclusion. The purpose of the research was to study the infl uence of various enzymes, as well as in combination with microelements in the ration of steers of diff erent breeds during fattening, on their productivity and meat quality. For the experiment newborn bulls were selected and groups were formed per 10 heads in each according to the principle of analogues. The 1st control group included steers of Bestuzhev breed, the 2nd experimental group included steers of Black-and-White breed, the 3rd experimental group included steers of Simmental breed and the 4th experimental group included crossbred steers of Simmental×Ayrshire. It was established that the best ability to transform feed protein into meat protein was characteristic of steers of the 3rd experimental group (Simmental breed), which were superior to their herdmates of control group by 1,58 abs.%, and for others the advantages were slightly lower 0,78–1,12 abs.%. Thus, the use of enzymes in the ration of steers of diff erent breeds for fattening in combination with microelements in relation to the capabilities of the local feed supply and the actual chemical composition of feed made it possible to increase the consumption of basic nutrients by animals, improved their digestibility and increased the beef productivity of steers.