Abstract
The potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is a vegetable that ranks fifth in the world for human consumption. Its importance is growing more and more in the Senegalese diet. However, the potato production in Senegal does not meet the needs of the market, which maintains dependence on the outside for the supply of quality seeds. In addition, these imported seeds do not often have phytosanitary qualities required for local production in the Sahelian zone. The in vitro production of microtubers, used as seed, has been shown to be one of the most efficient means for propagation of basic material. To overcome the constraints linked to the supply and availability of potato seeds, with high germination capacity, the impact of the microtuber size on the yield of the plants under semi-controlled conditions was examined. The pre-germinated microtubers were produced in vitro from vitroplants of 3 different varieties (Aida, Atlas, Odessa) adapted to the edaphic-climatic conditions of Senegal. The effects of the seed sizes of microtubers, greater than 4 mm, sown under semi-controlled conditions, on the yield of the plants, result in an increase in the ratio, in the vegetative development of the plants, but also in the number and size of the minitubers harvested. The yield of the plants also depends on the variety. It can therefore be envisaged to produce local potato seeds from microtubers and minitubers.
Highlights
IntroductionDue to its geographical position on the African continent and its western limit by the Atlantic Ocean, it has a North Atlantic coastal fringe
The aim of this study was to examine the effect of microtuber size of three potato varieties, produced in vitro, on the yield and vigor of plants and minitubers resulting from the germination of these vitrotubers, under semi-controlled conditions
We found that the vegetative development of plants from microtubers, with a size greater than 4 mm, is more vigorous than that ones with a caliber less than 4 mm, for all varieties
Summary
Due to its geographical position on the African continent and its western limit by the Atlantic Ocean, it has a North Atlantic coastal fringe This one extends from the Cape Verde peninsula to the delta of the Senegal River for approximately 195 km long. This coastal zone benefits from a flow under particular climatic conditions. The maritime trade winds are constantly humid, cool and even cold at night in the dry season, and marked by low diurnal thermal amplitude It is at this coastal fringe that the cultivation of potatoes is mainly done in a sandy interdune area called the “Niayes”, from November to June [1]
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