A review on challenges and prospects of potato (Solanum tuberosum) production systems in Rwanda

Abstract

Purpose: Potato (Solanum tuberosum) is an important food and cash crop globally, particularly in Rwanda whereby it is ranked fourth most grown food crops after banana, sweet potato and cassava. The purpose of this review study is to analyze and understand potato yield production systems in Rwanda and to find out related constraints. Main findings: After key informants and various research work, it was found that the low potato yield (with on average 11.6 t/ha compared to yield potential of 50.6 t/ha), pests and diseases are the main constraints for potato production in Rwanda. However, it was revealed that the later are highly related to an inadequate supply of good seed tubers. Indeed, it is was reported that the actual mini-tubers seed production systems can cover up to 30% of the national demand; and hence farmers recycle their own seeds or get them from informal sources. This situation is leading to persistent pests and diseases particularly potato bacterial wilt (PBW) and late blight disease hampering potato productivity. Limitations: Soil erosion exacerbated by land fragmentation and use of steep land, and poor fertilization practices both in quantity and quality are reportedly highlighted in this review as secondary bottlenecks for potato production in Rwanda. Directions for future research: Active involvement of the private sector in seed production in conjunction with aeroponic systems and integrated pest and disease management (IPDM) is the promising future research path and most effective approach to be adopted for sustainable potato production and food security in the country.