Influence of the shell effects on evaporation residue cross section of superheavy nuclei

Abstract

In order to study the influence of the shell effects on the formation and fission of superheavy elements, we applied multidimensional Langevin equations. The evaporation residue cross sections have been calculated for 3n, 4n, and 5n evaporation channels using three ( $$K=0$$ )- and four ( $$K \ne 0$$ )-dimensional Langevin equations. Calculations were done for 48Ca + 238U and 48Ca + 244Pu hot fusion reactions with 3n, 4n evaporation channels and 70Zn + 208Pb, and 54Cr + 209Bi cold fusion reactions with 1n and 2n evaporation channels. The calculations were performed for 4n and 5n evaporation channels of the 26Mg + 238U reaction, as well. Our results show that with increasing dimension of Langevin equations the residue cross section increases, whereas the fission cross section decreases. The obtained results with four-dimensional Langevin and considering shell effects are in better agreement with experimental data in comparison with three- and four-dimensional Langevin equations without shell effects.