INFLUENCE OF THE ARMY ON POLITICAL PROCESSES IN TURKEY (1920 - BEGINNING OF XXI CENTURY)

Abstract

The article deals with the process of the historical confrontation of the army and the secular Republic of Turkey since its inception in 1923 until the beginning of the twenty-first century. The main idea of the content of this article lies in the fact that Turkey is going through a very complex, deep and systemic crisis of relations of different structures of power in the country- civil official policy on the one hand, which is increasingly tending towards Islam and military - on the other, that is struggling to keep principles of secularism of Mustafa Kemal (Ataturk). Turkish society has long been accustomed to the manifestations of the activity that has demonstrated the Turkish army for many decades in the arena of political life. Getting stronger and feeling its power, the military base of Turkey, led by the supreme command of the General Staff of the country since the 1930s, he looked upon himself as a guarantor of full internal stability and territorial integrity of the country and as guardian of the ideological heritage of Mustafa Kemal (Ataturk). In light of the foregoing, the author, considering the special, the most significant moments of relations Army confrontation and secular authorities, trying to show the reason for such a complex hierarchy, in which the army was spared from political control and political power was controlled by the oversight of the military in the framework of the historical period of 1923 to the beginning XXI century. But the events of recent years, and especially the growing influence of Islamism, seriously shaken the usual order of things, and the hierarchy of subordination and dominion within the political life of Turkey came under the full control of civil structures.