Influence of the anti-erosion complex on erosion-hydrological indicators and productivity of cultivated crops

Igor Podlesnyh,Tatyana Zarudnaya,Sergey Tarasov,Anastasya Prushchik,A.Y Aidiev,O.K Nikulina,V.I Turusov,B.U Baykhozhaeva,E.A Pyanikova,A.I Hrabovets,A.A Muratov,Y Brinza,L.I Belyaeva,A.A Yevglevsky

doi:10.1051/bioconf/20213201006

Abstract

An assessment of the impact of the anti-erosion complex on the productivity of cultivated crops has presented on the example of many years of experience in contour-ameliorative agriculture of the Kursk FARC located in the northern part of the Medvensky district of the Kursk region. Two subtypes of chernozem represent the soil of the experiment: typical and leached. As anti-erosion measures, narrow-row stock-regulating poplar forest belts, reinforced by a simple hydraulic structure (ditch and rampart along the lower edge), have designed and planted along the contour at a distance of 216 m. There are no anti-erosion measures in the control catchment. Analysis of long-term data showed a decrease in runoff and the absence of soil washout in the catchment area with a system of narrow-row forest belts 38 years after the experiment has laid in comparison with the control. For the control catchment, a maximum soil washing of 22 t/ha recorded which significantly exceeds the permissible standards of flush. A significant increase in crop productivity averaged 5.2 feed units. The profitability of growing crops in fields with forest belts exceeds the control by almost 50%. The anti-erosion complex performs the task of strengthening the soil-protective role of the farming system.

Highlights

Soil erosion is a global problem for humanity
The decline in crop yields is directly proportional to the degree of soil erosion
The purpose of the research is to assess the impact of water-regulating forest belts on erosion-hydrological

Summary

Introduction

Soil erosion is a global problem for humanity. Because of irrational economic activity, erosion processes have taken on catastrophic proportions throughout the planet. 23 billion tons of soil is lost in the world every year [1,2,3]. In Russia, this figure averages more than 4 t / ha per year of fertile arable soil [4,5,6]. Researchers have found that eroded soils are less fertile than non-eroded ones, have worse physical and chemical properties, have a lower humus content, a lower percentage of the agronomical valuable structure of the arable horizon and a more blocky structure due to plowing of the underlying layers [9]. The decline in crop yields is directly proportional to the degree of soil erosion. It is possible temporarily increase yields on eroded soils with the help of fertilization, but not all crops are responsive to increased application of fertilizers or the use of more productive varieties. The profitability of growing crops on eroded soils is lower than on non-eroded soils [10,11,12,13,14]

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