Abstract
The purpose of this work is to investigate the influence of temperature on the yield and characteristic of bio oil produced from pyrolysis of pine sap. The batch pyrolysis processes were conducted in an electric furnace at various temperature ranging from 350°C to 450°C. In each experiment, about 1 kg sample was pyrolyzed to obtain bio oil under inert environment by flowing nitrogen gas at 0.4 lpm. The produced bio oils were then characterized to obtain their physical and chemical properties. The result exhibited that the bio oil yield increased as the pyrolysis temperature increases. The highest yield of bio oil of 23.03 wt.% was achieved at 450°C. At this condition, the bio oil had specific gravity of 0.998, degree of acidity (pH) of 3.83, heating value of 5673.05 cal/g, and viscosity of 1.97 mm2/s. The bio oil composed of hydrocarbon component with carbon chain of C10–C21. It was found that more than 70 wt.% bio oil occupied by hydrocarbon fuel of >C14 that could be categorized as biodiesel fuel. In the meantime, bio oil produced at 350°C composed of hydrocarbon with carbon chain of C10 only that could be utilized as gasoline fuel.
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