Abstract
Eimeriosis of farm animals is one of the most widespread parasitic diseases in the world. In the conditions of the steppe zone of Ukraine Eimeria perforans is more common in rabbits and E. arloingi in sheep and goats. Study of factors which influence the development of these protists on the soil surface is one of the major challenges for veterinarians working for large livestock companies and fighting against eimeriosis. Environmental temperature is able to change the speed of sporulation of oocysts Eimeria. Five values of temperature (15, 20, 25, 30, and 35 °C) were used in a laboratory experiment in vitro. At 15 °C, the process of sporulation of E. arloingi and E. perforans in 100% of cases ended on the eighth day. With increase in temperature to 35 °C, the duration of sporulation decreased to three days. When the temperature was 30 °C the completion of sporulation was observed in more than 50% of the oocysts of E. arloingi on the second day, and for E. perforans on the third day. High-speed sporulation at elevated temperatures under conditions of global warming can result in the increasing spread of eimeriosis among wild and domestic animals.
Highlights
The genus Eimeria belongs to the protists of the Apicomplexa type and includes more than 1,700 species, they store their genetic information in the chromosomes contained in the nucleus
The longest sporulation process was recorded at 15 °C – eight days; more than 50% of sporulated oocysts were identified on the fifth day of the experiment
At 20 °C, sporulation of E. perforans and E. arloingi oocysts ended on the sixth day of the experiment
Summary
The genus Eimeria belongs to the protists of the Apicomplexa type and includes more than 1,700 species, they store their genetic information in the chromosomes contained in the nucleus They feed mainly by pinocytosis (absorption of nutrients from the extracellular space by invagination of the membrane) or phagocytosis (surrounding solid particles by the cytoplasmic membrane and introducing them into the cell), and metabolic products are excreted by diffusion through the cell membrane. Most often, these protists parasitize in the intestinal epithelium. It is the elucidation of the peculiarities of these methods of reproduction that helps to develop various methods of controlling the eimeria of wild and domestic vertebrates (Taylor et al, 2007)
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