Structural evolution of Ge<sub>20</sub>Se<sub>80–</sub><sub><i>x</i></sub>Te<sub><i>x</i></sub> glass networks and assessment of glass properties by theoretical bandgap

Abstract

Infrared imaging systems are being updated towards greater performance as well as lighter and smaller devices. Developing infrared materials with special properties is a critical for enhancing the performance of optical systems as well as miniaturizing devices. Chalcogenide glass becomes a popular option for advanced IR materials due to its component-property tunability. Se—based glasses such as Ge<sub>33</sub>As<sub>12</sub>Se<sub>55</sub>, Ge<sub>10</sub>As<sub>40</sub>Se<sub>50</sub>, and As<sub>40</sub>Se<sub>60</sub>, which completely cover the mid- and long-wave infrared windows, are the most typical materials used in infrared equipment. However, these classical materials can no longer meet the requirements of high-performance imaging systems, and adding more elements such as Te, Ga, Sb, and Ag to enhance the performance is a reliable way to solve this problem. By analysing the structure and properties of the Ge<sub>20</sub>Se<sub>80–<i>x</i></sub>Te<sub><i>x</i></sub> glass system, the law of its structure and properties evolving with Te content is illustrated. The obtained typical results are shown below. With the increase of Te content, the glass transition temperature (<i>T</i><sub>g</sub>) increases and then decreases, which is caused by the network structure and the average bond energy; the density and refractive index increase in an approximately linear gradient; the Abbe number gradually increases, while the Vickers hardness hardly changes with Te content; the fracture toughness decreases with the Te content increasing. Aiming at the problem that the average coordination number is unable to evaluate the glass systems composed of two or more elements from the same main group, a theoretical bandgap-glass property evaluation system is successfully established. The functional relationships among parameters such as density, refractive index, Abbe number, and fracture toughness, and theoretical band gap are established for Ge<sub>20</sub>Se<sub>80–<i>x</i></sub>Te<sub><i>x</i></sub> glass system as shown in the summary figure, which can be used to rapidly evaluate the glass components and properties.