Abstract
BackgroundThe goal of this study was to evaluate the influence of dental substrate simulator material, and the presence of root and periodontal ligament on the stress distribution in an adhesively-cemented monolithic crown.Material and MethodsFive (5) 3D models according to the substrate simulator material and shape were modeled with CAD software for conducting non-linear finite element analysis (FEA): Tooth with and without periodontal ligament - subgroup “pl” (groups Tooth+pl and Tooth-pl), machined tooth in epoxy-resin with and without pulp chamber - subgroup “pc” (ER+pc and ER-pc) and simplified epoxy-resin substrate without pulp chamber and roots (SiER). Next, adhesively-cemented monolithic crowns in zirconia reinforced lithium silicate were modeled over each substrate. The solids were then imported in STEP format to the analysis software and the contact between teeth and cylinder was considered perfectly bonded; whereas, the contacts involving the resin cement were considered as non-separated. The materials were considered isotropic, linearly elastic, and homogeneous. An axial load (600 N) was applied to the occlusal surface and results of maximum principal stress (MPa) on the restoration were required.ResultsFEA revealed that all evaluated subtracts showed the crown intaglio surface as the most stressed region. The average stress and stress peaks were similar for restorations cemented onto Tooth+pl, Tooth-pl and ER+pc substrates, but, 13% higher in comparison to ER-pc and SiER substrates.ConclusionsSimplified substrates can be used to evaluate posterior full crown behavior without periodontal ligaments and roots, since the rigidity of the specimen is taken into account. Key words:Finite element analysis, axial loading, computed assisted numerical analisys, monolithic crowns,methodological study.
Highlights
The field of materials science advances in developing new materials that often require new research to predict their behavior in use
Other variables are often simulated in laboratory tests, but have not been evaluated yet, which lead to the following questions: should the substrate copy the tooth anatomy? Should a tooth be used or can a dentin-like material be used instead? Should the presence of the root (s) be considered? Or should the periodontal ligament be simulated?
In an attempt to more accurately mimic the structures found in the oral environment and their micromovements, some authors have made their samples with recently extracted fresh human teeth and have used an elastomeric material to make a synthetic periodontal ligament between the root and the inclusion resin [31,32,33]
Summary
The field of materials science advances in developing new materials that often require new research to predict their behavior in use. Ceramics are widely used due to high aesthetics and mechanical properties [1] In respecting their limitations and following correct clinical application, ceramic restorations present promising results with high survival rates [2,3]. It is known that there are differences in the failure modes obtained in different specimen forms For this reason, the question arises whether epoxy resin and the presence of dental root (s) would influence the restoration’s mechanical properties. The goal of this study was to evaluate the influence of dental substrate simulator material, and the presence of root and periodontal ligament on the stress distribution in an adhesively-cemented monolithic crown. Conclusions: Simplified substrates can be used to evaluate posterior full crown behavior without periodontal ligaments and roots, since the rigidity of the specimen is taken into account
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