Influence of static and dynamic changes in body positions on functional changes of the cardiovascular system

Abstract

The autonomic nervous system (ANS) plays an important role in the regulation of heart activity, breathing and blood pressure. Through changes in sympathetic and parasympathetic activity, it participates in the regulation, coordination and integration of internal organ function. The method of spectral analysis of heart rate variability (SAHRV) is used to examine the functional status of autonomic regulation of heart activity. During the examination, clino-ortho-clinostasis is used, which makes it possible to assess the reactivity of functional changes in the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems.We were therefore interested in what functional changes in the autonomic regulation of heart activity will occur during static and dynamic changes in the position of the body head down and up at angles of ± 45°.For the research, we used the method of spectral analysis of heart rate variability, supplemented by blood pressure measurement during the experiment. The experimental group included 24 healthy women aged 20-30. Before and after the experiment, a standard examination of the functional state of the autonomic nervous system was performed in the clino-ortho-clinostatic position.
 During the experimental sequence, changes in sympathetic, vagus, heart rate and blood pressure reactivity were monitored in the following positions:
 
 in an inclined position of the body with the head up – angle +45°
 in an inclined position of the body with the head down – angle -45°
 during dynamic changes in oblique body positions +-45°
 
 An auto-traction reclining couch was used for the investigation of oblique positions.
 The resultsDuring the application of oblique positions of the body, there are significant changes in the activity of the autonomic regulation of heart activity.In the head down position, there is an increased activation of the parasympathetic, a decrease in heart rate and an increase in systolic and diastolic pressure.During dynamic changes in body positions +- 45°, there is significant alternating activation of baroreflexes, modulated by sympathetic and vagal aktivity.
 ConclusionThe research study draws attention to the existence to multiple interconnections of regulatory mechanisms between the autonomic nervous system, cardiovascular and cardiorespiratory systems.