Abstract
In this paper, the effects of Nd3+ ions substitution with Sm3+ ions on the microwave dielectric properties of NdNbO4 ceramics were investigated. X-ray diffraction patterns showed a single system with a monoclinic fergusonite structure of NdNbO4 in the range of x = 0.02–0.15. In addition, the Rietveld refinement was used to investigate the crystal structure of the NdNbO4 ceramics. The bond ionicity, lattice energy and bond energy were calculated to evaluate the correlations between complex chemical bond theory and the microwave dielectric properties. A small level of Sm3+ substitution (x = 0.08) could improve the Q × f value of the NdNbO4 ceramics. The increasing Q × f value could be due to the increase in lattice energy. The dielectric constant εr and τf values were depended upon bond ionicity and bond energy. An excellent microwave dielectric properties with εr = 19.56, Q × f = 66,200 GHz and τf = −28.37 ppm/°C was obtained when x = 0.08 in the (Nd1−xSmx)NbO4 system.
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