Abstract
Taking into account the increase in the emission of greenhouse gases produced by ships, during navigation and maneuvering in port, a direct consequence of the increase in maritime traffic, the international community has developed a broad set of regulations to limit such emissions. The installation in commercial ports of automatic mooring systems by means of vacuum suction cups, thus considerably reducing the time required to carry out ship mooring and unmooring maneuvers, is a factor that is considerably influencing the decrease in emissions of polluting gases in commercial ports with high traffic. The objective of the present work is to verify the influence of the use of the automatic mooring systems via vacuum suction cups on the emissions of polluting gases produced in the facilities destined to the traffic of container ships. To do this, two different calculation methods were used, Environmental Protection Agency and Environmental and Engineering Consultancy, to then compare the results of the two and thus obtain the reduction in emissions per twenty-foot equivalent unit in these terminals during mooring maneuvers. The paper concludes with a discussion on the values of the reductions in emissions obtained and the advantages of the installation of automatic mooring systems using vacuum suction cups in commercial ports located near population centers.
Highlights
To reduce the carbon dioxide emissions of ships, measures have been taken in relation to speed control, quality of the fuel used, state of conservation of a ship’s hull, and time required to perform mooring and unmounting maneuvers [1].Today, new and innovative automatic mooring systems using vacuum suction cups are being developed, leading to a saving in the maneuver times of the ships
To calculate the reduction in emissions by twenty-foot equivalent units (TEUs), we considered the average occupancy in vessels per call after gathering the data of yearly TEU maritime transport in ports with
This section presents the results of the calculations of the CO2 emissions emitted by the vessels selected in each port, obtained using the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and Environmental and Engineering Consultancy (ENTEC) methods, both for maneuvers with ropes and with an automatic mooring system (AMS). Once these values are known, the value of the reduction in CO2 emissions due to the use of an AMS can be calculated for the total of maneuvers that vessels perform in the ports selected for the study, obtaining the amounts of CO2 whose emission is avoided per day, week, month, and year
Summary
New and innovative automatic mooring systems using vacuum suction cups are being developed, leading to a saving in the maneuver times of the ships. These systems are already installed and operating in 23 docks in 12 different countries and different types of terminals such as general cargo, ro-ro and passenger cargo, container, jetty, or locks. In 2004, a study was published [7] that aimed to establish a precautionary approach concerning air pollution related to ports, promoting the local production of goods to reduce maritime traffic, proposing a more ecological design for new terminals and cutting-edge approaches to emission control that have proven to be successful in ports around the world.
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
