Abstract
Explosives are the most common seismic source in seismic explorations, whose excitation effect is closely associated with their properties, weight, buried depth, and charging constitution. This study analyzes the influence of seismic source parameters on the features of the explosion wavelet. The explosion process of the seismic source in marine carbonate is numerically simulated with the finite element software LS‐DYNA. We consider three parameters, including buried depth, charge weight, and decoupling coefficient. To verify the simulation outcomes, we also carry out field observations. The appropriate buried depth of the explosive should be determined according to stratum lithology. As the charge weight increases, low‐frequency energy of the source wavelet increases rapidly. The optimum charge weight is 16–18 kg, and the ideal charging structure is in a concentrated, short‐column shape. Compared with the buried depth and charge weight, the decoupling coefficient shows more noticeable influence on the excitation effect of the source wavelet, and the optimum coefficient lies between 2.5 and 3. The results of this study may provide reference data for designing explosion parameters in field seismic explorations.
Highlights
Seismic exploration has been the most important means for gas and oil exploration since 1920s
Theoretical calculation methods for the relation between explosion parameters and the seismic source wavelet are limited in number [13, 14], and studies in this respect have long been heavily relying on field experiments [8, 12, 15,16,17]
The wave front of the seismic source wavelet can be considered as a spherical surface
Summary
Seismic exploration has been the most important means for gas and oil exploration since 1920s. According to the formula of particle displacement in homogeneous elastic medium proposed by Sharpe [22], decoupling charging can change the cavity radius formed by the explosion as well as the pressure upon the inner wall of the cavity, which in turn influences the excitation effect on the source wavelet. Based on the aforementioned information, this study simulates the explosion process of the explosive seismic source in rock with LS-DYNA to investigate the influence of explosive buried depth, charge weight, and decoupling coefficient on the features of the seismic source wavelet. Based on comparative analysis, decoupling coefficient shows more noticeable influence on the seismic source wavelet than explosive buried depth and charge weight
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