Abstract
The eastern Gulf of Papua, at the easternmost end of the Papuan Basin, has been subjected to extended seawater loading during the Cenozoic, allowing an investigation into the influence of seawater loading on the thermal development of the underlying rock layers in the oceanic basin. Utilising paleontological, lithologic and paleobathymetric data, along with present-day temperature fields, this study reconstructed the burial history, thermal history and maturity of the eastern Papuan Basin using PetroMod2012.2 1D software. Burial history curves for the virtual wells were employed to trace the evolutionary stages in different regions, revealing a positive relationship between predicted vitrinite reflectance (R o) and modelled thermal history. R o values displayed a gradual decrease from northeast to southwest, with higher R o values observed in areas unaffected by seawater loading. The presence of seawater loading had a notable impact on thermal history, particularly influencing the upper boundary condition and the sediment–water interface temperature of the temperature field. This research enhances our understanding of the Meso-Cenozoic thermal history of the eastern Papuan Basin and reveals the factors influencing stratigraphic thermal evolution.
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