Abstract
The article concerns the quality issues in wood industry, and especially the advisability of removing defects from veneers. The research purpose of the study was to analyse the influence of the layered structure of plywood base layer made of low-quality wood on selected mechanical properties of floor composites. The utilitarian purpose is to analyse the possibility of producing floors from low-quality materials reducing waste. Four quality classes of Scots pine veneers (Pinus sylvestris L.) were taken into account: A, B, C, D, from the highest class-A without defects to the lowest class-D characterized by a lot of knots (including broken and falling out ones) and cracks. The base layer of the floors was made of these wood quality classes. The value of the modulus of elasticity in elastic deformation, modulus of elasticity in the dynamic and fatigue tests, stiffness and static bending strength were investigated. The test results showed that, as expected, the samples made of class A had the highest values of the measured parameters (static bending strength, static and dynamic modulus of elasticity, and stiffness). However, the values of the tested parameters for the remaining classes B, C, and D did not significantly differ. It was concluded from the research that the change of the plywood base layer conditions regarding the quality of veneers does not significantly affect the physical and mechanical properties of composites. Hence, it is possible to use wood of lower quality classes for production without verification of which class they belong to, which will significantly reduce the production costs.
Highlights
The research of flooring materials is focused mainly on the determination of the properties of floor top surfaces, often as a separate layer without a base layer
It was concluded from the research that the change of the plywood base layer conditions regarding the quality of veneers does not significantly affect the physical and mechanical properties of composites
Scots pine veneers
Summary
The research of flooring materials is focused mainly on the determination of the properties of floor top (face) surfaces, often as a separate layer without a base layer. Little has changed in this regard over the years. These tests mainly concern the condition, hardness [1,2], and strength [3] of the surface, as well as the gluability [4], colour stability, or top layer material modification: in-situ polymerization of active monomers [5] or thermal effect [6]. Other studies are focused on finishing papers, that are, on the flooring [8]. If the physical and mechanical properties, mainly elastic properties of floors are tested
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