Abstract
Three experiments were conducted to determine the effect of rootstock, soil temperature, photoperiod and forcing method on scion budbreak and growth of Swingle citrumelo (Citrus paradisi (L.) Raf. × Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Osb.] and Cleopatra mandarin [C. reticulata Blanco] seedlings budded with `Hamlin' orange [C. sinensis (L.) Osb.]. In experiment 1, budded Swingle (S) and Cleopatra (C) seedlings were exposed to root temperatures of (15 or 25°C) for six weeks following scion bud forcing. In experiment 2, budded S and C seedlings were grown in a greenhouse using three photoperiods (8, 12, and 16 hours). In a third experiment, scion buds were forced by: (1) cutting off the seedling top; (2) bending the seedling top over; or (3) bending plus 6-benzylamino purine (500 ppm) and grown at two soil temperatures (15 or 25°C). For S, the high soil temperature (25°C) resulted in greater percent scion budbreak, a shorter period from forcing to budbreak, and greater scion growth than the low soil temperature. However, for C, there was no difference in growth between high and low soil temperatures. Cutting forced buds of S plants better than bending at low soil temperatures. But scion growth was less compared to cutting at high soil temperatures. Photoperiod and the hormonal treatment had little effect on budbreak and scion growth.
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