Abstract
Restorations of 98 implant-supported single crowns in anterior maxillary area were divided into 5 groups: zirconia abutment, titanium abutment, and gold/gold hue abutment with zirconia coping, respectively, and titanium abutment with metal coping as well as gold/gold hue abutment with metal coping. A reflectance spectrophotometer was used to evaluate the color difference between the implant crowns and contralateral/neighboring teeth, as well as the color difference between the peri-implant soft tissue and the natural marginal mucosa. The mucosal discoloration score was used for subjective evaluation of the esthetic outcome of soft tissue around implant-supported single crowns in the anterior zone, and the crown color match score was used for subjective evaluation of the esthetic outcome of implant-supported restoration. ANOVA analysis was used to compare the differences among groups and Spearman correlation was used to test the relationships. A gold/gold hue abutment with zirconia coping was the best choice for an esthetic crown and the all-ceramic combination was the best for peri-implant soft tissue. Significant correlation was found between the spectrophotometric color difference of peri-implant soft tissue and mucosal discoloration score, while no significant correlation was found between the total spectrophotometric color difference of implant crown and crown color match score.
Highlights
In the maxillary anterior region, the aesthetic outcome is a critical determinant in the overall success of implant therapy [1,2,3,4,5]
The descriptive analysis showed the color difference of the incisal part (2.9 ± 0.3) and body part (2.9 ± 0.4) of the crown with the gold abutment and zirconia coping combination were unperceptive (
Irrespective of the material, the crown color difference from the contralateral teeth increased from the incisal part to the cervical part, but the difference among the three parts did not reach a significant level
Summary
In the maxillary anterior region, the aesthetic outcome is a critical determinant in the overall success of implant therapy [1,2,3,4,5]. Satisfied esthetic rehabilitation consists of natural-looking prosthodontic components and periimplant soft tissue characterized by appropriate contour, volume, and color in harmony with the healthy surrounding structures. The color of both restorative components and peri-implant soft tissue/gingival should be taken into account as crucial esthetical factors [2, 6, 7]. Crown color matching included a series of steps such as color determination, transferring, fabrication, and evaluation, of which the choice of restorative material in fabrication contributes greatly [8]. Translucency is another primary factor in controlling esthetics and it is critical in the selection of materials. On the other hand increased thicknesses of alumina and zirconium oxide would compromise
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